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encreased that of the Nobility, [[deletion]] for in order to obtain this assistance in matter of Consequence the Sovereinge were obliged to part with some lands. [[/deletion]] for it frequently happened that the Sovereigns [[deletion]] [[unclear]] [[/deletion]] were under the Necessity of making them Considerable Presents of Lords in order to obtain their assistance. particularly against the incursions of the Normans in France, & the Vandals in [[underline]] Germany. [[/underline]] [[deletion]] This undergo [[/deletion]] These incursions [[deletion]] gave rise [[/deletion]] made it necessary that [[underline]] thees [[/underline]] [[addition]] the [[/addition]] Provinces most likely to be attacked [[underline]] were [[/underline]] [[addition]] should be [[/addition]] put under Governors to defend them. Lewis the Germanic [[deletion]] put [[/deletion]] named a Duke of Thuringen to Defend those Limits against the Vandals. xx a Duke of Saxony named Ludolph who Founded the Abbey of Gandersheim. but this was [[addition]] not [[/addition]] sufficient to defend the whole Country. Every body thought of their own Safety & Necessity made them think of building & Erecting places of Defence, Those of a Superior Dignity & Possessions, gave up Lands to knights for which they entered into treaty with them against the Enemy, as also to open their own Houses [[underline]] for [[/underline]] [[addition]] to [[/addition]] their Leige & His [[deletion]] [[unclear]] [[/deletion]] followers in case of Necessity. but the Erecting of these Castles


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